Metodologi dan Karakteristik Penafsiran dalam Tafsir Al-Kashshaf

Abstract

TafsÄ«r al-KashshÄf, is a tafsÄ«r written by a Muslim scholar who support ahl al-'adl wa al-tawḥīd or known as Mu'tazilah. This tafsÄ«r is influenced by power relations, the terms referred to Michel Foucault, that served ideological interests. This articles employs analytical descriptive to investigate the doctrines of Mu'tazilah that influenced al-ZamakhsharÄ« in his methodological interpretation of tafsÄ«r al-KashshÄf . The result of this study shows that the doctrines of Mu'tazilah influenced al-Zamakhshari’s interpretation of the Qur’anic verses accommodating to the opinion of the Hanafi School and the theology of Mu'tazilah. He tried to confine understanding of verses by changing their meanings in accordance with the five creeds of Mu’tazilah as follows: al-tawḥīd, al-‘adl, al-wa’d wa al-wa’īd, al-manzilat bayna al-manzilatain, and al-‘amr bÄ« al-ma’rÅ«f wa al-nahy ‘an al-munkar.  On the other side, tafsÄ«r al-KashshÄf employed tahlÄ«lī method and bi al-ra'y model of interpretation. TafsÄ«r al-KashshÄf utilized critical reasoning in its interpretation, employed the principles of freedom, applied Arabic grammatical (naḥwu), provided qirÄ’ah-qirÄ’ah, and showed the beauty of literary and language styles of the Qur’an.