PERKEMBANGAN SEJARAH STILISTIKA DI BARAT DAN ARAB: EKSPLORASI KOMPARATIF CORAK STILISTIKA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15575/hijai.v8i2.48578Keywords:
Balaghah, comparison, languange, literture, rhetoric, stylisticsAbstract
Dalam tinjauan historis dan keilmuan, masih terdapat kekosongan kajian yang secara khusus dan komprehensif membandingkan perkembangan stilistika dalam dua tradisi besar Barat dan Arab dalam kerangka yang tidak hanya deskriptif-historis, tetapi juga bersifat analitis-konseptual. Selama ini, penelitian tentang stilistika di Barat dan Arab lebih sering dikaji secara parsial dan terpisah, sehingga belum banyak yang mengungkapkan titik temu dan perbedaan mendalam antara keduanya secara sistematis. Hal ini menimbulkan pertanyaan penting: sejauh mana pendekatan dan orientasi epistemologis stilistika dari dua dunia ini dapat saling memperkaya dalam konteks analisis teks sastra dan religius.Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa stilistika Barat berakar dari tradisi retorika Yunani Kuno yang kemudian berkembang ke arah pendekatan linguistik fungsional dan semiotik pada abad ke-20. Di sisi lain, stilistika Arab berakar pada tradisi balāghah, khususnya dalam konteks keindahan ekspresif Al-Qur’an, yang kemudian mengalami revitalisasi melalui teori stilistika Barat modern. Kajian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi pustaka, dan menemukan bahwa meskipun berbeda dalam orientasi awal, kedua tradisi kini saling berkonvergensi, khususnya dalam konteks analisis sastra dan wacana religius. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan integrasi pendekatan linguistik dan estetis dari kedua tradisi sebagai kontribusi terhadap pengembangan ilmu stilistika global.
Kata Kunci: Balāghah, Bahasa, Perbandingan, Retorika, Sastra, Stilistika
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